Five years.
That’s the amount of time that Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center (MECC) Cell Biologist Julio A. Aguirre-Ghiso, PhD, Director, Cancer Dormancy & Tumor Microenvironment Institute (CDTMI), Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, and Rose C. Falkenstein Chair in Cancer Research and Professor, Cell Biology, Oncology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, predicts it will take for clinical trials to start testing potential treatments for cancer recurrences that can occur months or even years after a primary tumor is first diagnosed and successfully treated.
And that’s where philanthropist Laura Flug, President, J. Gurwin Foundation, hopes to have an impact. Her support of the Cancer Center’s Cancer Dormancy & Tumor Microenvironment Institute, founded by Dr. Aguirre-Ghiso in 2021, is a pivotal gift.
Dr. Aguirre-Ghiso was recruited to the Cancer Center in 2021 and holds the Rose C. Falkenstein Chair in Cancer Research. He is a pioneer in the field of cancer dormancy and tumor microenvironment research. Years ago, he challenged the notion that all tumor cells that have spread (metastasized) to other parts of the body continue to grow and divide rapidly in their new environment—the prevailing belief at the time. Instead, he reported that some of these rogue cancer cells stop dividing—but survive, nonetheless.
Frozen in the cell cycle and in a microenvironment unaffected by cancer treatments and the immune system’s usual monitoring efforts, these escaped cancer cells can wait in a sleep mode known as dormancy for a prolonged period of time. It is now well-established that while a primary tumor may have been successfully treated, these lingering (dormant) cancer cells in other parts of the body may persist quietly for stretches of time, seeding secondary tumors that start growing again years later.
Figuring out how to keep those cancer cells asleep is Dr. Aguirre-Ghiso’s ultimate goal. “How can we exploit this dormant state? What if we can maintain it?” he said.